Chapter-4
Physical Education and Sports for Children With Special Needs(CWNS)
Physical Education bOOk PSF: Get the book
∆ Adapted Physical Education
• Definition
Adapted Physical Education is an individual program for students with
different types of disabilities that enable success in physical education.
• Aim
The primary goal of physical education is to ensure that the child is provided
with physical education services that meet his/her needs.
• Objectives
1. Individualized Education Program: A consideration of Individualized
Learning Program determines the needs of child and adapted program would be the
safety of the student.
2. Development of motor skills: Another consideration would be the development
of motor skills of the student.
3. Active Participation: It strives to ensure that each student is
participating in physical education at his or her own level.
4. Self-Esteem: It strives to assist students to develop self- esteem.
5. Socialization Abilities: This program of physical education
emphasizes to develop social qualities for best adjustment in society.
• Principles
1. Activity According to Individual's Ability: In Adaptive Physical Education program,
the activities are specially designed for them according to their ability.
2. Modified Equipment: Equipments are specially designed and modified according
to individual’s needs.
3. Easy and Simple Rules: The Adaptive Physical Education activities should
have easy and simple rules.
4. Instructed and Trained Properly: In adaptive physical activities they
should be well instructed.
5. Suitable Environment: The activities should be participated in suitable
environment away from pollution, noise, or danger.
∆ Integrated Physical Education
• It is the knowledge of different sub-topics and other utilities, so that the students could be trained properly.
•The knowledge of integrated physical education promotes the fitness and willingness of the individuals.
• It helps in designing high quality programmers for targeted group of students.
• Special Olympic International was started by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, sister
of former President of the United States of America, John F. Kennedy.
• Special Olympic came in India with the formation of Special Olympic Bharat in
Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• Special Olympic Bharat is an Organization approved by National Sports
Federation and Special Olympic International for the development of persons
with intellectual disabilities.
∆
Paralympic
• Ludwig Guttmann is known as the father of Paralympics. It was first organized
in Rome, in 1960.
• The headquarter of Paralympic is situated at Bonn, Germany.
• The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) is responsible for organizing
summer and winter Olympics games.
• It is the competition held in parallel with Olympic Games including
impaired muscular power, leg length difference, vision impairment and
intellectual impairment etc.
∆
Deaflympics
The Deaflympics are the games for deaf athletes. These games are organized by
"The International Committee for the Deaf" since the first event and
they are approved by I.O.C. The Deaflympics were held first time in Paris in
1924. In the place of commands or starter guns, they are guided by lights,
flags.
∆ Concept
of Inclusion
• Inclusion means every person has the possibility to participate fully and
equally in all social processes.
• Inclusion rejects the use of special schools or classrooms to separate
students with disabilities from students without disabilities.
• By contrast, inclusion is about the child's right to participate and school's
duty to accept child.
∆ Need of Inclusion
• Inclusion in physical education helps the students with disabilities to increase their social skills and improvise them.
• A child feels that he/she also belongs to the entire group of class so a feeling of belongingness is developed 3.Inclusion helps a child to increase his/her motor skills and lead a normal life.
∆ Inclusive Education
It is defined as a learning environment that promotes the full personalacademic
and professional development of all learners irrespective of race, class, color,
gender, disability, sexual preference, learning styles, and languages.
∆ Role of
Counsellor
• A school counsellor helps children in all ways, be it academic, social,
behavioural or environmental.
• The counsellor’s job is to take child's problem seriously and help them to
find a solution.
• Counsellors have special training in how to help kids to solve problems and queries.
• They work in collaboration with the teachers, parents and special educators
to create a healthy learning environment that makes them feel comfortable.
∆ Role of
Speech Therapists
• Speech and language therapist play their role in you and your pupils, with
speech, language and communication needs.
• They work closely with parents, teachers, doctors and occupational therapists
and many more.
• They play a key role in diagnosis of children with different language, speech
and communication needs.
∆ Role of
Physiotherapists
Physiotherapy is an allied health care profession which promotes the
health and well- being of all. It aims to help maximize movement and function
when someone is affected by injury, development delay, illness or other
disability.
∆
Physical Education Teachers
Physical Education Teachers, commonly known as Physical Training Instructor
(PTI) or PE teachers are responsible for the education of primary and secondary school
students in physical activity and psychomotor training or learning. To
motivate students to participate make in them discipline is also a
responsibility of physical education teacher.
∆ Role of
Occupational Therapists
Occupational Therapists are regulated health care professionals who work with
children in variety of settings including schools. The occupational therapist
well asses the child and modify the environment, or the way of doing a task to
promote a better participation and independence.
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